Saturday 26 October 2013

ਪੂਰਨ ਵਰਤਮਾਨ ਕਾਲ پورن ورتمان کال Present perfect tense

Have we talked about the present perfect? No, we haven't! Let's look at how the actions are done i.e. completed:

I have written.
ਮੈਂ ਲਿਖ ਚੁੱਕਾ ਹਾਂ।
میں لکھ چکا ہاں۔

We have said.
ਅਸੀਂ ਕਹਿ ਚੁੱਕੇ ਹਾਂ।
اسیں کہہ چکے ہاں۔

Method: Remove the '-ਨਾ/-ਣਾ'ending and add the appropriate perfection indicator and 'to be' verb ending.

ਕਰਨਾ کرنا to do


This is but one method of conjugation in present perfect tense. The other one would be discussed in future posts!

3 comments:

  1. How do you create the verb like in the top, "likh"? You just drop the "na" sound ending?

    Do they always use chuka/chuki/chukey/chukian (the verb to do) or are they sometimes conjugated without? I am unclear as to how to continue with other verbs in this vein...

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    Replies
    1. Hi MacBump

      You are correct in observing that the verbs are conjugated after removing the "-ਨਾ/-ਣਾ" endings and adding the appropriate 'perfection' indicator. Like the verb ਲਿਖਣਾ (to write) becomes ਲਿਖ.

      Also chuka/chuki etc. are not verbs per se but just an indicator of the perfect tense (i.e. the action has already been completed). And yes they are necessary. However, there is at least one more way to indicate 'perfect tense' which is by using 'ਲਿਆ/ਲਈ/ਲਏ/ਲਈਆਂ' which I would discuss in coming chapters.

      Please feel free to ask more doubts or you could pm me in my gmail account to know other details.

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    2. Dhanvaad Babandeep ji, as always you are most helpful on this!! :-)

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